An underground market for unlicensed weight-loss drugs is being driven by social media fitness personalities and sellers on messaging platforms, according to new investigations.
The experimental drug, which remains in research studies, is being advertised by social media influencers for its alleged weight-reducing properties. Followers are encouraged to contact these profiles directly for source information, while also obtaining discount codes.
Additionally, a robust trade exists on messaging services, where communities with numerous of members share comparison photos, administration instructions and claims of next-day UK delivery. Vendors promote the substance there before directing customers to other platforms for purchases.
Retatrutide is an investigational injectable developed by US drugmaker Eli Lilly. The drug targets three gut hormones – glucagon-like peptide-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and pancreatic hormone. Preliminary studies suggest it could help patients lose up to 25% of their body weight. Referred to as the “triple G”, the drug is being promoted online as the next Ozempic.
However, doctors and pharmacists have warned that the sale of what remains an unapproved medication in the UK is worrisome and could result in users injecting substances of unknown origin.
Several experts said the demand for the experimental drug could be connected to the rising cost of approved slimming products such as Mounjaro.
Marketing the unapproved drug on TikTok or Telegram is illegal in the United Kingdom, as it is an unapproved medication that must not be promoted or distributed for human use under the Human Medicines Regulations 2012.
Some influencers try to circumvent the rules by referring to the drug as a “research chemical” or describing it as “not for human consumption”. The substance is not a restricted substance, but promotion and distribution can still violate pharmaceutical, marketing, and consumer regulations, risking penalties, legal action or imprisonment.
Based on TikTok, the service has taken down violative content and prohibited associated keywords and search suggestions. The company stated it was dedicated to keeping the service secure and allocating resources in strengthening enforcement strategies.
Research also discovered communities with up to nine thousand members selling the experimental drug using the platform's integrated search feature, which operates like a public directory. Entering “retatrutide” immediately brings up channels with thousands of users, filled with images of slimming results, positive testimonials and step-by-step instructions for mixing or administering at home.
Within moments of entering one community, a vendor posted WhatsApp details, where the majority of transactions occur. The seller provided an instruction manual and guaranteed shipping within two days. When questioned whether the product was genuine, one seller said: “You can’t be sure.” Another shared a image of a supposed testing documentation. None asked about body mass, medical conditions or past usage.
Within these groups, messages show black plastic parcels with postal service labels, stating to include fresh supplies. One communication read: “It took eight of us to load them this morning.”
Buyers can select between powder vials, mixed at home with sterile water, or ready-to-use injectors usually sold at £160 for 20 milligrams. When questioned how long a pen should be used, sellers give contradictory responses ranging from a several days to “depends on your body”.
A spokesperson for Telegram stated it actively monitored dangerous content on its platform including material that promoted the “misuse of controlled medications”. The organization noted that it eliminated “millions of pieces of harmful content each day”.
“Individuals are injecting materials they cannot confirm. Although the science behind retatrutide is sound, these online versions may not include what they advertise,” stated Jason Murphy, the director of pharmacy at a pharmacy service.
A medical professional of Asda Online Doctor linked the surge in interest to recent cost increases for authorized slimming drugs such as Mounjaro. “With costs rising, patients are turning to social media. But fake injections are extremely risky. You can’t be certain what’s inside or whether the environment they were made in was clean,” she said.
Her team has already encountered individuals injured by personal administration from unconfirmed sources. “We understand the disappointment, but buying from Telegram or WhatsApp is gambling with your health,” stated the doctor. “These substances could be contaminated or incorrectly dosed.”
A spokesperson from Eli Lilly said retatrutide was in phase 3 clinical trials and had not been reviewed or approved by any government authority globally. “Therefore at this point no one can sell [it] for personal consumption,” they said, noting that any item “misleadingly claiming itself as a Lilly investigational substance not yet authorized … may expose users to possibly serious medical dangers”.
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