PSG has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to complete a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.